Ladies and Mr. Tang, we present to you..

Gymnosperms. *dum dum.. DUMMMM.*

Today, since we have a science project, we're required to talk about GYMNOSPERMS! For what we've researched on, gymnosperms is a group of spermatophyte seed-bearing plants with ovules on scales, which are usually arranged in cone-like structures. The term 'gymnosperms' comes from a Greek word gumnospermos, meaning 'naked seeds' and referring to the unenclosed condition of the seeds. When they are produced they are found naked on the scales of a cone or similar structure. The main reproductive organ of gymnosperms is called scaly cone. There are two types of scaly cones : male cones and female cones. After fertilization, the ovules develop into winged seeds that can be dispersed by wind. The examples of gymnosperms are pines, cupressus, ginkgo, cycad, cunninghamia and so on. Cypresses and cunninghamia have needle-like leaves which are known as conifers.

Besides that, gymnosperms produce microspores from microsporangia that develop into pollen grains and megaspores from megasporangia that are retained in an ovule. The seed consists of an embryo, the remains of the female gametophyte, which serve as a food supply, and the seed coat or integument. Reproduction in gymnosperms varies greatly. Cycads and gingko have motile sperms that swim directly to the egg inside the ovule, while conifers and gnetophytes have sperm with no flagella that are conveyed to the egg along a pollen tube which grows through the micropyle which is a microscopic gap in the integument of the ovule tissue.

Before we end this assignment, pictures are available some where up there. I hope this 'topic' has been very helpful to whoever's reading this! TY. :)